White blood corpuscles leucocytes:

Number:

- Number of WBC's ranges between 4000 - 11000 corpuscles / mm^2, and in new born the total WBC's are 16000 / mm^2 of the blood.

Shape:

- Spherical.

Size:

- Vary in size and ranges from 5.2 µ.

Color:

- colorless or greyish-white.

Function:

- Phagocytosis of toxin,bacteria and dead cells.

- Production of proteolytic enzymes ( Pepsin & trypsin ).

- Antibody formation.

Types of Leucocytes:

- Granulocytes: Neutrophil , Eosinophil , Basophil.

- Agranulocytes (Non-granular): Lymphocyte , Monocyte.

Origin of Leucocytes:

- Granulocytes: formed in bone marrow stem cells.

- Agranulocytes: formed in lymphatic tissue.

Life span of leucocytes:

- Granulocytes: 16 days.

- Agranulocytes: 19 days.

Normal values of Leucocytes:

- Granulocytes:

--- Neutrophil: 40%-75%

--- Basophil: 0%-1%

--- Eosinophil 2%-4%

- Agranulocytes:

--- Lymphocytes: 25%-40%

--- monocytes: 2%-8%

Description for Leucocyte Types:

Neutrophil:

-function:

Neutrophil cells are phagocytic to human blood-derived macrophages (MOs) in tissues outside blood vessel.

Neutrophil cells secrete Proteolytic enzymes Pepsin & Trypsin.

Life span: 4 days and dead cells changes to pus cells.

Classified into:

-- Staph or Stab: 4%

-- Segmented 40%-75%

Neutrophilia:

-It is the increase number of Neutrophil cells in acute infection as in Tonsillitis and any abscess formation.

Neutropenia:

-It is decrease in number of Neutrophil cells as in Typhoid fever, Influenza, and Tuberculosis.

Eosinophil (Acidophil)

-Function:

Eosinophil cells are phagocyte cells produce and remove of Histamine.

Life span: 12-18 days

Eosinophilia:

-It is increase in number of Eosinophil cells as in Urticaria, Eczema, Bronchial asthma, infection with Ascaris Bilharzia and Anklystoma.

Eosinopenia:

-It is decrease percentage of Eosinophil cells and occurs during treatment with Cortisone.

Basophil

-Function: production and carriage of Histamine and Heparin.

Life span: 10-15 days

Basophilia:

It is increase in number of Basophil cells and occurs in Liver Cirrhosis and Allergic diseases.

Lymphocytes:

-Function: carry antitoxins and form Antibody phagocytic cells.

Life span: one day to several weeks.

Lymphocytosis:

It is increase in percentage of lymphocytes in case of chronic infection as in Tuberculosis, Syphilis, Whooping, Cough and fever.

Monocytes:

It is a phagocytic cells.

Life span: 10-14 days.

Monocytosis:

It is increase in percentage of Monocytes and occurs in Malaria, Typhoid, Syphilis and Fever.